Fluid pump or motor



Feb. 2, 1960 R. w. BOYER 2,923,247

FLUID PUMP QR MOTOR Filed Nov. 4, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 E 5 INVENTOR f zz/7411M gr ll/S A TTO/P/VEYS Feb. 2, 1960 R. w. BOYER FLUID PUMP OR MOTOR Filed NOV. 4, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Feb. 2, 1960 R. w. BOYER 2,923,247

' FLUID PUMP 0R MOTOR Filed Nov. 4, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet s INVE NTOR av Z #4: Arm/Mfrs Feb. 2, 1960 R. w. BOYER 2,923,

FLUID PUMP 0R MOTOR Filed Nov. 4, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR United States Patent FLUID PUMP on MOTOR Raymond W. Boyer, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to Royal Electric, Inc., Xenia, Ohio, a corporation of Gino Application November 4, 1957, SerialNo. 694,237

12 Claims. (Cl. 103-121) This invention relates to a fluid pump or motor. This invention is an improvement over a pump of the type shown in the Grey Patent Number 2,220,095.

An object of this invention is to provide a rotary fluid pump or motor which has a minimum number of moving parts and which may be manufactured and assembled at comparatively low cost.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rotary fluid pump or motor which is efiicient in operation.

Another object of this invention is to provide a fluid pump which has a large working chamber compared to the physical size of the assembly.

Other objects and advantages reside in the construction of parts, the combination thereof, the method of manufacture, and the mode of operation, as will become more apparent from the following description.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an over-all perspective view of afiuid pump or motor of this invention.

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a portion of the rotor mechanism of the fluid pump or motor of this invention.

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view showing another portion of the rotor mechanism of the fluid pump or motor of this invention.

Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the housing of a fluid pump or motor of this invention.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal view of a pump or motor of this invention with a portion of the housing shown in section.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus of this invention.

Figure 7 is a sectional viewsimilar to that of Figure 6 with the movable elements of the assembly shown in positions different from the positions thereof shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 88 of Figure 6.

Figure 9 is an enlarged fragmentary view of a portion of the elements as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of an assembly of this invention with parts shown in section.

Figure 11 is a perspective view similar to that of Figure 10 with movable elements of the assembly in positions different from the positions thereof shown in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a layout and diagrammatic view with parts broken away, the view being taken from within the rotor section and looking outwardly.

Figure 13 is a view similar to that of Figure 112 but showing elements of the rotor assembly in positions substantially 45 degrees of rotation later than the positions thereof shown in Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a view similar to Figures 12 and 13 but showing elements of the rotor assembly in positions substantially 45 degrees later than the positions thereof shown in Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a view similar to that of Figures 12, 13,

and 14. but showing the rotor elements of the assembly in the. positions thereof substantially 45 degrees later than shown in Figure 14. 4

Referring to, the drawings in detail, a pump or motor of this invention, comprises a housing 20 provided with a cylindrical cavity 21 therein and having end plates 22 and 24, as shown in Figures 1, 4, 6, 7, l0, and 11. The end plates 22 and 24 may be attached to the housing 20 by any suitable means, such as by means of bolts 25.

Rotatably disposed withinthe cylindrical cavity 21 of the housing, 20 is a hollow cylinder 30. The outside diameter of the cylinder 30 is only slightly less than the diameter of the cavity 21 so that the cylinder 30 has substantially a slide fit within the cavity 21.

The hollow cylinder 30 is provided with end cover members 34 and 36, as shown in Figure 3, which are attached to the cylinder 30 by any suitable means, such as ,by bolts 37. Eachhof the cover members 34 and 36 is provided with an opening 38 therethrough.

A shaft 44 is disposed within the cylinder 30,.and extends through the openings 38 and is rotatably carried by the end plates 22 and 24 of the housing 20, as best shown in Figures 6 and 7. The shaft 44 extends through the end plate 22. A nut 45 encompasses the shaft 44 and is threadedly attached to the end plate 22 for retaining a sealing ring 47.

The shaft 44 has anelongate hub 46, as best shown in Figures 2,; 6, 7, 10, and 11. Rigidly attached to the elongate hub 46 are piston members 48, 50, 52, and 54, as shown in Figures 2, 8, 10, and 11. Each of these pistons has an arcuate surface close to the internal wall of the cylinder 30. Eachof the pistons has side surfaces normal to the axis of the shaft 44.: The arcuate surface of each piston 48 50,, 52, and 54 extends nearly 90 degrees around the inside surface of the cylinder 30. The pistons 48 and 52 are disposed-at directly opposite portions of the hub 46 and the pistons and 54 are disposed 90 degrees from the pistons 48 and 52 and are at directly opposite portions ofthe hub 46. However, thepistons 48 and 52 are slightly axially offset with respect to the pistons 48. and 52along the hub 46 so that the right-hand side surface of the pistons 48 and 52 are in substantial alignment with the left-hand side surface of the pistons 50 and 54, as best shown in Figures 2, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15.

The elongate hub 46nis provided with slots or grooves 55 extending along most of the length thereof. Each of the slots 55 extendsbetween a pair of adjacent pistons. Within each of. the slots 55 a vane member is slidably disposed. A vane 56 is disposedintermediate the pistons 48 and 50; a vane 58 is disposed intermediate the pistons 5i);and 52; a vane 60 is disposed intermediate the pistons 52 and 54; and a vane 62 is disposed intermediate the pistons 48 and 54. Each of thevanes 56, 58, 60, and 62 thus extends. radially from the shaft 44 and-the hub 46. Each of thevanes 56, 58, 68, and 62 has an outer edge thereof snugly disposed within a slot 66 of the cylinder 30. The slots 66 are best shown in Figure 3. Thus, the vanes 56, 58, 60, and62 connect the hub 46 to the cylinder 30 so thatthe cylinder 30 rotateswith rotation of the shaft 44.

The vanes 56, 58,, 60, and 62 divide the internal portion of the cylinder 30 into four equal chambers. Furthermore, each of the pistons 48, 50, 52, and 54 is within one of the chambers formed within the cylinder 3tl-so that each of the chambers formed bythe vanes 56, 58, 60, and 62 is divided into two portions'by one of the pistons 48, 5t), 52, or 54, For. purposes of illustration, particularly with regard toFigures 12, 13, 14, and 15, the compartments or chambers within the cylinder 30 which are formed by, the.pistons 48, 50,52, and 54 and by the vanes 56, 58, 60, and 62 are herein referred to by letters 3 A, B, C, D, B, F, G, and H. The chambers A and B being formed by the vanes 62 and 56 and by the piston 48, the chambers C and D being formed by the vanes 62 and 60 and by the piston 54, the chambers E and F being formed by the vanes 58 and 60 and by the piston 52, the chambers G and H being formed by the vanes 56 and 58 and by the piston 50. The chambers A, C, E, and G are shown as being to the left side of their respective pistons and the chambers B, D, F, and H are shown as being on the right-hand side of their respective pistons.

The end cover 34 of the cylinder 30 is provided with a pair of oppositely disposed protuberances 70 which are in direct axial alignment with the pistons 48 and 52, as shown in Figures 3, 12, 13, 14, and The end cover 36 is provided with protuberances 72 which are rigidly attached thereto and which are in direct alignment with the pistons 50 and 54.

Each of the protuberances 70 and 72 is equal in size to one of the pistons 48, 50, 52, or 54 so that the protuberances 70 and 72 compensate for the offset positions of the pairs of oppositely disposed pistons 48 and 52, and 50 and 54 for a purpose discussed below.

The end cover 34 is provided with a cam 74 on the surface thereof opposite the protuberances 70. The end cover 36 is provided with a cam 76 on the surface thereof opposite the protuberances 72. Each of the cam members 74 and 76 is provided with a pair of oppositely disposed arcuate high portions 78 and a pair of oppositely disposed arcuate low portions 80 as shown in Figure 3. The low portions 80 of the cam 76 are disposed 90 degrees out of alignment with respect to the low portions 80 of the cam 74. Likewise, the high portions 78 of the cam 76 are disposed 90 degrees out of alignment with respect to the high portions 78 of the cam 74.

The end plate 22 of the housing is provided with a bracket 82 and a pair of oppositely disposed rollers 84 attached thereto. as shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7. The rollers 84 engage the cam 74. The end plate 24 is provided with a bracket 86 and rollers 88. The rollers 88 engage the cam 76.

Thus, it is to be understood that as the shaft 44 rotates, the cylinder 30 is also caused to rotate therewith. As the cylinder 30 rotates the earns 76 and 74, engaging the rollers 88 and 84, respectively, cause the cylinder 30 to reciprocally move axially within the housing 20. Due

, to the fact that each cam 74 and 76 has two low portions 80 and two high portions 78, the cylinder 30 is caused to move from one end of the housing 20 to the other end of the housing 20 two times during each full revolution of the cylinder 30.

Thrust bearings 89 are provided upon the shaft 44 at each end of the hub 46, as best shown in Figures 6 and 7, to carry the thrust load caused by reciprocal axial movement of the cylinder 30.

Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15 are layout views taken within the cylinder 30 looking outwardly therefrom, with the pistons 48, 50, 52, and 54 shown in section and with the protuberances 70 and 72 shown in section. These views show the positions of the movable elements at four positions during rotation of the rotor mechanism.

The cylinder 30 is provided with a plurality of windows, there being one window leading to each of the chambers A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. The cylinder 30 has a window 90 leading to the chamber A, a window 92 leading to the chamber B, a window 94 leading to the chamber C, a window 96 leading to the chamber D, a window 98 leading to the chamber E, a window 100 leading to the chamber F, a window 102 leading to the chamber G, and a window 104 leading to the chamber H, as best shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15.

The housing 20 is provided with a plurality of openings or fluid ports therethrough, leading to the cavity therewithin. The openings or fluid ports through the wall of the housing 20 are referred to hereby by reference numerals 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122,

124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, and 136, as best shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15. The openings 106, 114, 122, and 130 are aligned and arespaced at 90 degree positions around the periphery of the housing 20 as shown in Figures 4, 12, 13, 14, and 15. The openings 108, 116, 124, and 132 are in alignment and are also spaced at quarter positions or 90 degrees apart around the periphery of the housing 20. Likewise, the openings 110, 118, 126, and 134 are spaced in alignment with the openings 108, 116, 124, and 132, respectively, and are in spaced relation therefrom, along the housing 20. The openings 112, 120, 128, and 136 are in alignment with the openings 110, 118, 126, and 134, respectively, and are adjacent thereto, along the housing 20.

As shown in Figure 1, conduit members 140 communicate with the openings in the housing 20 for conducting fluid to and from the housing 20. A main intake conductor 142 is shown connected with some of the conduits 140. A main exhaust conductor 144 is shown connected to the other conduits 140.

Operation The operation of the machine of this invention as a pump is described herein.

The shaft 44 extending from the housing 20 may be connected to any suitable means for rotation thereof. As discussed above, the cylinder 30, being connected to the shaft 44 by means of the vanes 56, 58, 60, and 62 in the hub 46, rotates with rotation of the shaft 44. As the cylinder 30 rotates, the earns 74 and 76 and the rollers 84 and 88, respectively, force the cylinder 30 to reciprocally move axially within the housing 20.

As the cylinder 30 axially moves, the vanes 56, 58, 60, and 62 are carried therewith so that the vanes 56, 58, 60, and 62 slidably axially move within the slots of the hub 46.

Due to the fact that the pistons 48, 50, 52, and 54 are secured to the hub 46 of the shaft 44, the pistons do not axially move with axial movement of the cylinder 30.

Thus, with axial movement of the cylinder 30, the chambers A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H change in volume due to the fact that the pistons 48, 50, 52, and 54 form one wall of each of the chambers.

The protuberances 70 and 72 compensate for the offset between opposed pairs of pistons 48 and 52, and 50 and 54 so that the volume of all the chambers, A, C, E, and G, on the left side of the pistons, is always equal; likewise, the volume of all the chambers B, D, F, and H, on the right side of the pistons, is always equal.

Due to the fact that the openings through the walls of the housing 20 are disposed at intervals around the periphery of the housing 20, the windows in the cylinder 30 come into and out of alignment with theopenings as the cylinder 30 rotates and reciprocally axially moves within the housing 20. At some instances all of the openings 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, and 136 are closed 011 from communication with the windows 90, 92, 94, 96, 100, 102, and 104, as shown in Figure 12. The elements of the apparatus are shown in Figures 5, 6, 10, and 12 with the cylinder 30 at its extreme right-hand position and in its closest position to the end plate 22 of the housing 20. In such position the rollers 88 are disposed in engagement with the high portions 78 of the cam 76 and the rollers 84 are positioned in engagement with the low portions 88 of the cam 74.

In the positions shown in Figures 5, 6, 10, and 12, the chmbers A, C, E, and G, which are at the left of the pistons 48, 50, 52, and 54, are considerably smaller in volume than the chambers B, D, F, and H, which are on the right-hand side of the pistons 48, 50, 52, and 54. However, as the cylinder 30 continues in rotation, the cams 74 and 76 causes the cylinder 30 to move toward the end plate24 of the housing 20. During such movement, the chamber A, Q15, and G, which are on the lefthand side of the pistons 48, 50, 52, and 54, become larger.

After rotating substantially 45 degrees from thepositions shown in Figures 5, 6, 10, and 12, the moveable ele ments assume positions as shown in Figure 13. In Figure 13 all of the chambers are shown as being of equal size, the chambers on the left side of the pistons being equal to the chambers on the right side of the pistons. However, while the volume of the chambers A, C, E, and G becomes larger during movement from positions shown in Figure 12 to positions shown in Figure 13, a vacuum or decreased pressure is formed in'each of these chambers so that fluid is drawn into the chambers A, C, E, and G, as shown by arrows 150 in Figure 13. Also, clue to the fact that the chambers B-, D, F, and H become smaller during movement of the elements from positions shown in Figure 12 to positions shown in Figure 13, fluid is forced out of the chambers B, D, F, and H, as shown by arrows 152 in Figure 13.

As shown in Figure 13 fluid is entering the chambers A, C, E, and G through openings 106, 116, 122, and 132 and through windows 90, 94, 98, and 102, respectively, due to the fact that there is momentary alignment between these openings and windows at the time shown. Thus, the openings 106, 116, 122, and 132 serve as intake ports for their respective chambers A, C, E, and G. Also, fluid is flowing out of openings 110, 120, 126, and 136, as shown in Figure 13, through the respective windows of the chambers. Thus, these openings 112,120,126, and 136 serve as exhaust ports for their respective chambers B, D, F, and H.

As shown in Figure13, openings 108, 112, 114, 118, 124, 128, 130, and 134 are closed off, while all of the other openings are either serving as intake or exhaust ports of the chambers.

From the position of the elements as shown in Figure 13, the rotor elements, comprising the cylinder 30, the pistons, vanes, and shaft 44 continue to rotate. Figure 14 shows the positions of the pistons in their respective chambers 45 degrees of rotation later than the positions thereof shown in Figure 13. During this rotational movement of the rotor elements, the cylinder 30 has continued to move toward the end plate 24 of the housing 20. During this time the chambers B, D, F, and H become smaller while the chambers A, C, E, and G become larger. Thus, fluid continues to flow into and out of the cylinder 30 in the manner shown by arrows 150 and 152 in Figure 13.

Due to the fact that the windows 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, and 104 are elongate and extend nearly 90 degrees around the periphery of the cylinder 30, the openings aligned with these windows continue to be in alignment through nearly 90 degrees of rotation of the cylinder 30. Also, the windows 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, and 104 have suflicient width to permit continuous alignment with the openings during the axial movement of the cylinder 30 with rotational movement thereof. However, when the rotor elements reach positions as shown in Figure 14, 45 degrees of rotation later than the positions thereof shown in Figure 13, all of the openings or ports of the housing 20 are again closed from communication with all of the windows of the cylinder 30, as shown in Figure 14.

In the positions shown in Figures 7, 11, and 14, the cylinder 30 is at the extreme left-hand position within the housing 20. Thus, the low portions 80 of the cam '76 are in engagement with the rollers 88 and the high portions 78 of the cam 74 are in engagement with the rollers 84.

dows 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, and 104, respectively. These openings or ports continue to remain in alignment with their, respective windows during rotation and-axial movement of the cylinder 30-until the cylinder 30 reaches a position as shown in Figure 12. However, during this movement the elements pass through the positions shown in Figure 15 which is 45 degrees later than the positions of the elements as shown in Figure 14. 7

Due to the fact that chambers A, C, E, and G are becoming smaller during this movement, fluid is flowing out of the chambers A, C, E, and G, as shown-by arrows in Figure 15. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 15, due to the fact that the chambers B, D, F, and H are becoming larger a vacuum or decreased pressure is being formed in these chambers B, D, F, and-H so that fluid is being drawn into the chambers B, D, F, and H as shown by arrows 162 in Figure 15.

Thus, fluid continues to flow in the manner shown by arrows 160 and 162 until the elements of the rotor reach the positions as shown in Figure 12, at which positions all of the fluid ports or openings in the housing 20 are again closed from communication-with all of the windows of the cylinder 30. Thus, the rotor elements move through the positions shown in'Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15 during every degrees of rotor rotation.

It is thus understood that some of the fluidports or openings in the housing 20 are always intake ports and the other openings or fluid ports in the housing 20 are always exhaust ports during rotation of the shaft 44 in a given direction. It is also thus understood that there is a' complete cycle of pumping action into and'out of each of the chambers A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H during every 180 degrees of rotation of the shaft 44. Fluid is always flowing either into or out of each of the chambers during rotation of the shaft 44.

It is to be understood that conduits 140, leading to and from the housing 20 may be connected to a plurality of main headers or manifolds rather than having only one main intake conductor 142 and one main exhaust conductor 144, as shown in Figure 1.

It is also to be understood that the apparatusof this invention may be used as a motor as fluid is forced into the housing and discharged therefrom.

Although the preferred embodiment of the device has been described, it will be understood that within the purview of this invention various changes may be made in the form, details, proportion and arrangement of parts, the combination thereof and mode of operation, which generally stated consist in a device capable of carrying out the objects set forth, as disclosed and defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim;

1. In a fluid pump, a rotor mechanism comprising a rotatable shaft, a plurality of pistons rigidly attached to the shaft in spaced-apart relationship, each of the pistons extending normal to the shaft and extending around a portion of the shaft, a plurality of vanes engaging the shaft and extending parallel thereto, there being one vane disposed between every two pistons, a hollow cylinder encompassing the shaft and the vanes and the pistons, the vanes being fixed with respect to the cylinder so that the cylinder rotates with the shaft, the pistons extending to positions very close to the internal surface of the cylinder, the cylinder having a plurality of fluid ports therethrough, the cylinder having anabutment portion, and abutment means disposed external of the cylinder and in engagement with said abutment portion of the cylinder causing relative reciprocal axial move.- ment between the shaft and the cylinder during rotation of the shaft and cylinder.

2. A pump comprising a housing provided with a cylindrical bore therein, there being a plurality of spacedapart apertures extending through the housing into the bore thereof, a plurality of cam follower members, there being a cam followerv member disposed at each endof the bore, a hollow cylinder rotatable within the bore, a shaft carried by the housing-and extending through the cylinder, a plurality of pistons rigidly attached to the shaft and slidably-engageable with the inner surface of thecylinder, a plurality of radial vanes engaging the shaft and connected to the cylinder, the vanes being axially slidably movable along the shaft, the shaft and the cylinder thus being rotatable one with the other, the cylinder being provided with a cam surface at each end thereof in engagement with the cam follower member at each end of the housing, the cam surfaces and the cam follower members causing the cylinder to reciprocally axially move during rotation thereof, the pistons and the vanes of the rotor within the cylinder dividing the cylinder into a plurality of compartments, the compartments changing in volume during rotation of the cylinder with reciprocal movement thereof, there being a plurality of windows through the cylinder leading to the compartments thereof, there being a plurality of apertures through the housing leading to the cylinder, windows of the cylinder beingalignable with apertures of the housing during rotation and axial reciprocal movement of the cylinder, conduit means communicating with the apertures for conducting fluid to and from the housing.

3. Fluid apparatus comprising a housing provided with a plurality of fluid ports therethrough, a rotor, the rotor including a hollow cylinder rotatable within the housing, the cylinder having a plurality of windows therethrough alignable with fluid ports. of the housing, a shaft rotatably carried by the housing and extending axially through the cylinder, a plurality of radially extending pistons rigidly attached to the shaft within the cylinder, a plurality of elongate vanes connected to the cylinder and to the shaft, the vanes linking the shaft and the cylinder so that the cylinder rotates with the shaft, the vanes being substantially normal to the pistons, the vanes and the pistons separating the cylinder into a plurality of chambers, means carried by the rotor and by the housing causing relative reciprocal axial movement between the shaft and the cylinder during rotation of the rotor, the chambers within the cylinder thus changing in volume during rotation of the rotor so that fluid flows into and out of the housing through the windows of the cylinder and through the ports of the housing.

4. A fluid pump comprising a housing provided with a cavity therein, a hollow cylinder rotatable within the cavity, a rotor including a shaft rotatably carriedby the housing within the cylinder, a plurality of pistons rigidly attached to the shaft within the cylinder and extending around the shaft in spaced-apart relation, the pistons being'normal to the shaft and in sliding engagement with the internal surface of the cylinder, a pinrality of vanes extending radially from the shaft parallel thereto and axially slidably movable with respect to the shaft, the vanes also being fixed with respect to the cylinder, there being one vane between every two pistons, the shaft with the pistons and vanes being rotatable with the cylinder within the cavity of the housing, means carried by the housing and by the shaft causing relative axial movement between the shaft and the cylinder during rotation thereof, there being a plurality of fluid ports in the cylinder and in the housing permitting fluid to flow to and from the cylinder. v

5. A pump comprising a housing provided with a cylindrical bore, the housing having a pair of end plates closing the bore, a roller carried by each end plate and disposed within the bore, a, hollow cylinder closely fitting within the bore and rotatable therewithin, the cylinder having a cam surface at each end thereof, each surface engaging the roller at one end of the housing, a rotatable shaft extending through the cylinder, a plurality of pairs of oppositely disposed pistons attached to the shaft within the cylinder, each pair of pistons being spaced axially from the other pistons along the shaft, a plurality of vanes slidably attached'to the shaft extending axially thereupon 8 and axially movable thereupon, each vane having side surfaces extending radially from the shaft, each vane separating two adjacent pistons one from the other, each vane also being connectedto the cylinder and in sealing engagement with the internal surface of the cylinder, the shaft and the cylinder thus being attached one to the other for rotation one with the other, the pistons and the vanes thus dividing the cylinder into a plurality of compartments, the cylinder having a plurality of windows therein, each window extending along the surface of the cylinder between two of the vanes, the housing having a plurality of apertures therethrough connecting to the bore therewithin, windows in the cylinder being aligned with apertures of the housing during rotation of the cylinder within the housing for flow of fluid to and from the compartments of the housing, fluid being drawn into the cylinder through some of the apertures and windows when such are in alignment, fluid being forced from the cylinder through some of the windows and apertures when such are in alignment, axial movement of the cylinder with respect to the rotor during rotation thereof causing some of the compartments to become larger while some of the compartments become smaller.

6. A mechanism comprising a housing provided with a cavity therein, a hollow cylinder rotatable and axially movable within the cavity, cam means at the end of the housing and at the end of the cylinder causing reciprocal axial movement of the cylinder with rotation thereof, a plurality of pistons disposed within the cylinder and rotatable therewith, a plurality of vanes within the cylinder and connected thereto and movable therewith, the vanes being substantially normal to the pistons so that the vanes and the pistons separate the cylinder into a plurality of chambers, the housing having a plurality of fluid ports therethrough, the cylinder having a plurality of windows therethrough in spaced-apart relation at the periphery thereof, each of the windows moving into and out of alignment with some of the fluid ports during reciprocal axial movement with rotational movement of the cylinder.

7. A fluid machine comprising a housing having a plurality of fluid ports, a rotor within the housing and carried thereby, the rotor including a hollow cylinder having a plurality of windows therethrough, each of the windows being alignable with some of the ports of the housing, a plurality ,of pistons within the cylinder and rotatable therewith, a plurality of elongate vanes within the cylinder separating the pistons one from the other, the vanes being connected to the cylinder, the pistons and the vanes separating the cylinder into a plurality of chambers, means carried by the rotor and by the housing causing relative reciprocal movement between the cylinder and the pistons during rotation of the rotor, the reciprocal movement thus causing the chambers to reciprocally change in volume, fluid thus being caused to flow into and out of the chambers through the windows of the cylinder and through the fluid ports of the housing.

8. A fluid pump comprising a housing provided with a cavity therein and a plurality of openings leading to the cavity, a rotor carried by the housing within the cavity, the rotor comprising a plurality of radial pistons, each piston extending around a portion of the periphery of the rotor, a plurality of radial vanes, there being one vane disposed between every two pistons, a hollow cylinder slidably rotatable within the cavity of the housing, the cylinder being in sliding engagement with the pistons of the rotor, the cylinder also being connected to the vanes of the rotor, means carried by the housing and by the cylinder causing reciprocal axial movement of the cylinder during rotation thereof, the cylinder having a plurality of windows therein alignable with openings of the housing during rotation and axial movement of the cylinder, the vanes and the pistons forming chambers within the cylinder, the chambers changing in vol- 'ume during rotation and axial movement of the cylinder.

rotatable within the enclosure, the enclosure having a plurality of fluid ports therein leading to the drum, the drum having a plurality of fluid ports, each fluid port of the drum being alignable with' a plurality of fluid ports of the enclosure during rotation of the drum, a plurality of transverse partition members within the drum extending normal to the rotationalaxis thereof, a plurality of partition members extending axially within the drum, the partition members separating the drum into a plurality of compartments, the partition members being connected to the drum and rotatable therewith, means engaging the enclosure causing relative reciprocal axial movement between the transvere partition members and the drum during rotation of the drum, the volume of the compartments thus reciprocally changing during rotation of the drum so that fluid moves into and out of the drum through the fluid ports of the drum and through the fluid ports of the enclosure.

10. A fluid mechanism comprising a housing provided with a cavity therein, a hollow cylinder rotatable and axially movable within the cavity, cam means at the end of the housing and at the end of the cylinder causing reciprocal axial movement of the cylinder with rotation thereof, a plurality of pistons disposed within the cylinder and rotatable therewith, a plurality of vanes within the cylinder in connecting engagement with the cylinder, the vanes separating the cylinder into a plurality of chambers, there being one of the pistons within each of the chambers separating each chamber into two portions, the housing having a plurality of fluid ports therethrough, the cylinder having a plurality of windows therethrough in spaced-apart relation at the periphery thereof, each of the windows moving into and out of alignment with some of the fluid ports during rotational and reciprocal axial movement of the cylinder, fluid thus flowing into or out of each of the portions of each of the chambers.

11. Fliud apparatus comprising a housing having a cavity therein, a cylinder within the cavity, means connecting the cylinder and the housing permitting relative rotational movement between the cylinder and the housing, means carried by the housing and by the cylinder causing relative reciprocal axial movement between the cylinder and the housing with relative rotational movement therebetween, a plurality of pistons carried by the housing and disposed within the cylinder, a plurality of vanes within the cylinder separating the cylinder into a plurality of chambers, there being one of the pistons within each of the chambers separating each chamber into two portions, the vanes being in connecting engagement with the pistons and the cylinder so that the pistons are non-rotatable with respect to the cylinder, the housing having a plurality of fluid ports therethrough, the cylinder having a plurality of windows therethrough in spaced-apart relation at the periphery thereof, each of the windows being alignable with fluid ports of the housing for flow of fluid therethrough.

12. Fluid mechanism comprising a housing provided with a cavity therein, a hollow cylinder rotatable and axially movable within the cavity, cam means carried by the cylinder, roller means carried by the housing and engageable with the cam means causing reciprocal axial movement of the cylinder with rotation thereof, a plurality of pistons disposed within the cylinder and rotatable therewith, a plurality of vanes within the cylinder connecting thereto and rotatable therewith, the vanes separating the cylinder into a plurality of chambers, there being one of the pistons within each of the chambers separating each chamber into two portions, the housing having a plurality of fluid ports therethrough, the cylinder having a plurality of windows therethrough in spaced-apart relation at the periphery thereof, each of the windows moving into and out of alignment with fluid ports of the housing during rotational and reciprocal axial movement of the cylinder, fluid thus flowing into or out of each of the portions of each of the chambers during rotation of the cylinder.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,222,481 Smith Apr. 10, 1917 1,803,705 Harner May 5, 1931 2,517,862 Frederick Aug. 8, 1950 2,667,840 High Feb. 2, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 23,069 Great Britain June 21, 1911 306,985 Great Britain Feb. 28, 1929 g 

